test_sample.sys - Malicious (88/100) - DriverShield Analysis

Analysis of test_sample.sys: malicious verdict, risk score 88/100. 6 YARA matches. SHA256 1ce4019d552a72ee. Kernel imports, IOCTL codes, MITRE ATT&CK, and code-signing details.

test_sample.sys - Analysis Report

DriverShield analyzed the Windows kernel driver test_sample.sys and assigned a verdict of Malicious with a composite risk score of 88/100, indicating malicious indicators (80-100 band).

Verdict	Malicious (88/100)
YARA matches	6
File size	2048 bytes
Analyzed	2026-03-22
SHA256	1ce4019d552a72ee7d856c2015c30b8251447fb720a27b5bedb73929b62786e5
SHA1	efd2879ef77ff1b5ed2fcff341f2b57373d40d54
MD5	13cd00ef030527a4d94f68662d5778a2

How the 88/100 score breaks down

Each component is scored 0-100 and then weighted into the composite. See the analysis methodology for the exact formula.

Component	Sub-score
Multi-engine consensus	0 / 100
YARA signature matches	100 / 100
Dangerous kernel imports	100 / 100
IOCTL dispatch surface	100 / 100
Known-vulnerable corpus	0 / 100
Code-signing state	50 / 100
Packing and entropy	0 / 100
Dynamic behaviour	0 / 100
CVE cross-reference	0 / 100

Kernel imports (8)

Kernel-mode APIs resolved from the Import Address Table of test_sample.sys, ranked by exploitation relevance.

API	Risk	Why it matters
__readmsr	critical	Highly dangerous - potential for arbitrary code execution, memory corruption, or process termination
ZwTerminateProcess	critical	Highly dangerous - potential for arbitrary code execution, memory corruption, or process termination
__writemsr	critical	Highly dangerous - potential for arbitrary code execution, memory corruption, or process termination
MmMapIoSpace	critical	Highly dangerous - potential for arbitrary code execution, memory corruption, or process termination
PsLookupProcessByProcessId	high	Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass
MmUnmapIoSpace	medium	Moderate risk - system modification capability
IoCreateDevice	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
IoCreateSymbolicLink	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign

IOCTL dispatch codes (3)

Control codes reachable through the driver dispatch routine. Codes tied to published exploit code are flagged, since they are the primary Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD) entry points.

Code	Severity	Transfer	Description
0xC3502808	critical (known exploit)	METHOD_BUFFERED	Arbitrary memory R/W (RTCore64)
0xC350280C	critical (known exploit)	METHOD_BUFFERED	Physical memory map (RTCore64)
0x002200F0	medium	METHOD_BUFFERED	FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN Function #60

PE sections

Section layout and Shannon entropy. High entropy in a code section is a packing or encryption indicator.

Section	Virtual size	Raw size	Entropy	Flags
.text	0x2000	0x0400	1.29	CODE, EXEC, READ

Exploit mitigations

Control Flow Guard	Not enabled
ASLR	Not enabled
DEP	Not enabled
Integrity check	Not enforced
Mitigation score	0 / 100

No CFG - Control Flow Guard is not enabled. Indirect call targets are not validated, making the driver susceptible to control flow hijacking via corrupted function pointers or vtables.
No ASLR - ASLR is disabled. The driver loads at a predictable address, enabling reliable exploitation of memory corruption vulnerabilities.
No DEP - DEP is disabled. Data pages are executable, allowing shellcode execution from stack/heap buffers.
Unsigned - The driver is not digitally signed. It requires test signing mode or a bootloader exploit to load on 64-bit Windows.

YARA rule matches (6)

Rule	Severity	Detects
VULN_RTCore64	critical	MSI RTCore64.sys
BYOVD_MemRW	critical	Phys memory mapping + device creation
BYOVD_ProcKill	critical	Process termination EDR killer
SUSP_MSR	high	MSR register read/write
SUSP_PhysMem	high	Physical memory mapping
MAL_EDRKiller	critical	Generic EDR killer pattern

MITRE ATT&CK techniques (16)

Techniques this driver could enable if loaded by an adversary.

ID	Technique	Tactic
T1003	OS Credential Dumping	Credential Access
T1003.001	OS Credential Dumping: LSASS Memory	Credential Access
T1006	Direct Volume Access	Defense Evasion
T1014	Rootkit	Defense Evasion
T1055.001	Process Injection: DLL Injection	Defense Evasion
T1055.012	Process Hollowing	Defense Evasion
T1068	Exploitation for Privilege Escalation	Privilege Escalation
T1489	Service Stop	Impact
T1542	Pre-OS Boot	Persistence
T1542.001	Pre-OS Boot: System Firmware	Persistence
T1543.003	Windows Service	Persistence
T1553.006	Code Signing Policy Modification	Defense Evasion
T1562.001	Disable/Modify Tools	Defense Evasion
T1569.002	Service Execution	Execution
T1601	Modify System Image	Defense Evasion
T1652	Device Driver Discovery	Discovery

Symbolic execution

Engine angr, status static_approximation, 0 paths explored at a maximum depth of 0. Vulnerability classes reached: 0. Exploitable paths: 0.

Frequently asked questions about test_sample.sys

Is test_sample.sys safe?

Based on DriverShield static and dynamic analysis, test_sample.sys is flagged as malicious and should be treated as dangerous. Its composite risk score is 88/100 (verdict: malicious). Always validate findings independently before acting.

What is the risk score of test_sample.sys?

test_sample.sys has a DriverShield composite risk score of 88/100, placing it in the malicious verdict band. SHA256: 1ce4019d552a72ee7d856c2015c30b8251447fb720a27b5bedb73929b62786e5.

What is test_sample.sys?

test_sample.sys is a Windows kernel-mode driver (.sys) analyzed by DriverShield for vulnerabilities, BYOVD abuse potential, and malware indicators.