RtsPer.sys - Suspicious (58/100) - DriverShield Analysis

Analysis of RtsPer.sys: suspicious verdict, risk score 58/100. 1 YARA match, 0/76 multi-engine detections. SHA256 8e6a1c14b7c192ff. Kernel imports, IOCTL codes, MITRE ATT&CK, and code-signing details.

RtsPer.sys - Analysis Report

DriverShield analyzed the Windows kernel driver RtsPer.sys and assigned a verdict of Suspicious with a composite risk score of 58/100, indicating some risk signals warranting review (30-59 band).

Verdict	Suspicious (58/100)
YARA matches	1
Multi-engine detections	0 / 76
File size	1532704 bytes
Code-signing signer	DigiCert Trusted G4 Code Signing RSA4096 SHA384 2021 CA1
Analyzed	2026-04-01
SHA256	8e6a1c14b7c192ffc1681ff47882e074c0d72cba1b11ec017d44f408b9777e48
SHA1	3f63864bf85a157936c7836377053ed09dbf99a7
MD5	2fad88ac032fcd8fdfe95a116c8b0912

Driver identity

Version resource data embedded in the RtsPer.sys PE header, as extracted by the analysis engine.

File description	RTS PCIE READER Driver
Product	Windows (R) Win 7 DDK driver
Company	Realtek Semiconductor Corporation
Original filename	RTSPER.SYS
Internal name	RTS_PCIE10.0.26100.21383 (Windows 8 x64)
File version	10.0.26100.21383
Copyright	Copyright © Realtek Semiconductor Corporation 2013

How the 58/100 score breaks down

Each component is scored 0-100 and then weighted into the composite. See the analysis methodology for the exact formula.

Component	Sub-score
Multi-engine consensus	0 / 100
YARA signature matches	30 / 100
Dangerous kernel imports	100 / 100
IOCTL dispatch surface	100 / 100
Known-vulnerable corpus	0 / 100
Code-signing state	0 / 100
Packing and entropy	0 / 100
Dynamic behaviour	0 / 100
CVE cross-reference	0 / 100

Kernel imports (34)

Kernel-mode APIs resolved from the Import Address Table of RtsPer.sys, ranked by exploitation relevance.

API	Risk	Why it matters
MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache	critical	Highly dangerous - potential for arbitrary code execution, memory corruption, or process termination
MmMapIoSpace	critical	Highly dangerous - potential for arbitrary code execution, memory corruption, or process termination
MmGetPhysicalAddress	high	Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass
MmGetSystemRoutineAddress	high	Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass
HalSetBusDataByOffset	high	Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass
HalGetBusDataByOffset	high	Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass
MmAllocateContiguousMemory	high	Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass
KeBugCheckEx	medium	Moderate risk - system modification capability
MmUnmapIoSpace	medium	Moderate risk - system modification capability
ZwDeleteKey	medium	Moderate risk - system modification capability
ObReferenceObjectByHandle	medium	Moderate risk - system modification capability
ObOpenObjectByPointer	medium	Moderate risk - system modification capability
ZwCreateKey	medium	Moderate risk - system modification capability
ZwSetValueKey	medium	Moderate risk - system modification capability
ZwQuerySystemInformation	medium	Moderate risk - system modification capability
DbgPrint	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
ZwOpenKey	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
KeInitializeEvent	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
ExFreePool	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
IoBuildDeviceIoControlRequest	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
RtlInitUnicodeString	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
KeDelayExecutionThread	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
KeSetEvent	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
KeWaitForSingleObject	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
ProbeForWrite	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
IoCreateDevice	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
RtlInitAnsiString	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign
ZwClose	low	Standard kernel API - generally benign

Showing the 28 highest-relevance imports of 34 resolved.

IOCTL dispatch codes (40)

Control codes reachable through the driver dispatch routine. Codes tied to published exploit code are flagged, since they are the primary Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD) entry points.

Code	Severity	Transfer	Description
0x008000BF	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #47
0x0080808B	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #34
0x008081C7	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #113
0x0080840F	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #259
0x0080850F	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #323
0x0080B95F	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #3671
0x008000E3	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #56
0x00346383	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #2272
0x0080A283	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #2208
0x00340053	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #20
0x00340043	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #16
0x0034365F	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #3479
0x0034011F	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #71
0x00226423	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN Function #2312
0x00343D07	high	METHOD_NEITHER	FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #3905
0x002200F0	medium	METHOD_BUFFERED	FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN Function #60
0x008000B9	medium	METHOD_IN_DIRECT	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #46
0x0080248C	medium	METHOD_BUFFERED	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #2339
0x00802484	medium	METHOD_BUFFERED	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #2337
0x0022D7E8	medium	METHOD_BUFFERED	FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN Function #1530
0x0080B900	medium	METHOD_BUFFERED	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #3648
0x0080BAC6	medium	METHOD_OUT_DIRECT	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #3761
0x0034E7E8	medium	METHOD_BUFFERED	FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #2554
0x0080249C	medium	METHOD_BUFFERED	FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #2343

Showing 24 of 40 extracted control codes.

PE sections

Section layout and Shannon entropy. High entropy in a code section is a packing or encryption indicator.

Section	Virtual size	Raw size	Entropy	Flags
.text	0x159E2C	0x15A000	6.55	CODE, EXEC, READ
.rdata	0x66DC	0x6800	5.47	IDATA, READ
.data	0x5650	0x1000	3.7	IDATA, READ, WRITE
.pdata	0x4398	0x4400	6.01	IDATA, READ
PAGE	0x210C	0x2200	6.19	CODE, EXEC, READ
INIT	0x12D2	0x1400	5.11	CODE, EXEC, READ, DISCARD
.rsrc	0x04A8	0x0600	2.99	IDATA, READ, DISCARD
.reloc	0x02F8	0x0400	4.57	IDATA, READ, DISCARD

Exploit mitigations

Control Flow Guard	Enabled
ASLR	Enabled
DEP	Enabled
Integrity check	Not enforced
Mitigation score	100 / 100

CFG Enabled - Control Flow Guard is active - indirect calls are validated against a bitmap of valid targets at runtime.
ASLR Enabled - Address Space Layout Randomization is active - base address is randomized on each load.
DEP/NX Enabled - Data Execution Prevention is active - non-executable pages cannot be executed.
Valid Signature - The driver has a valid, non-expired digital signature.

YARA rule matches (1)

Rule	Severity	Detects
SUSP_PhysMem	high	Physical memory mapping

MITRE ATT&CK techniques (16)

Techniques this driver could enable if loaded by an adversary.

ID	Technique	Tactic
T1003	OS Credential Dumping	Credential Access
T1003.001	OS Credential Dumping: LSASS Memory	Credential Access
T1006	Direct Volume Access	Defense Evasion
T1014	Rootkit	Defense Evasion
T1055.012	Process Hollowing	Defense Evasion
T1068	Exploitation for Privilege Escalation	Privilege Escalation
T1071	Application Layer Protocol	Command and Control
T1112	Modify Registry	Defense Evasion
T1211	Exploitation for Defense Evasion	Defense Evasion
T1542.001	Pre-OS Boot: System Firmware	Persistence
T1543.003	Windows Service	Persistence
T1547.001	Registry Run Keys	Persistence
T1553.002	Subvert Trust Controls: Code Signing	Defense Evasion
T1569.002	System Services: Service Execution	Execution
T1601	Modify System Image	Defense Evasion
T1652	Device Driver Discovery	Discovery

Code-signing chain

Signer	DigiCert Trusted G4 Code Signing RSA4096 SHA384 2021 CA1
Signer organisation	DigiCert, Inc.
Issuer	DigiCert Trusted Root G4
Serial	8AD40B260D29C4C9F5ECDA9BD93AED9
Valid from	2021-04-29 00:00 UTC
Valid until	2036-04-28 23:59 UTC
Signature validity	Verified

Certificate revision: 0x0200
Certificate type: PKCS#7
Chain: Realtek Semiconductor Corp.

Symbolic execution

Engine angr, status completed, 100 paths explored at a maximum depth of 100. Vulnerability classes reached: 0. Exploitable paths: 0.

Frequently asked questions about RtsPer.sys

Is RtsPer.sys safe?

Based on DriverShield static and dynamic analysis, RtsPer.sys shows some suspicious signals and warrants manual review. Its composite risk score is 58/100 (verdict: suspicious). Always validate findings independently before acting.

What is the risk score of RtsPer.sys?

RtsPer.sys has a DriverShield composite risk score of 58/100, placing it in the suspicious verdict band. SHA256: 8e6a1c14b7c192ffc1681ff47882e074c0d72cba1b11ec017d44f408b9777e48.

What is RtsPer.sys?

RtsPer.sys is a Windows kernel-mode driver (.sys) analyzed by DriverShield for vulnerabilities, BYOVD abuse potential, and malware indicators. It is code-signed by DigiCert Trusted G4 Code Signing RSA4096 SHA384 2021 CA1.