Analysis of AsIO32.sys: vulnerable verdict, risk score 72/100. 1 YARA match, 1/76 multi-engine detections. SHA256 52a90fd1546c068b. Kernel imports, IOCTL codes, MITRE ATT&CK, and code-signing details.
DriverShield analyzed the Windows kernel driver AsIO32.sys and assigned a verdict of Vulnerable with a composite risk score of 72/100, indicating a known or likely vulnerability surface (60-79 band).
| Verdict | Vulnerable (72/100) |
| YARA matches | 1 |
| Multi-engine detections | 1 / 76 |
| File size | 14856 bytes |
| Code-signing signer | Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility Publisher |
| Analyzed | 2026-09-06 |
| SHA256 | 52a90fd1546c068b92add52c29fbb8a87d472a57e609146bbcb34862f9dcec15 |
| SHA1 | 7eb34cc1fcffb4fdb5cb7e97184dd64a65cb9371 |
| MD5 | 272446de15c63095940a3dad0b426f21 |
Each component is scored 0-100 and then weighted into the composite. See the analysis methodology for the exact formula.
| Component | Sub-score |
|---|---|
| Multi-engine consensus | 0 / 100 |
| YARA signature matches | 5 / 100 |
| Dangerous kernel imports | 100 / 100 |
| IOCTL dispatch surface | 3 / 100 |
| Known-vulnerable corpus | 100 / 100 |
| Code-signing state | 80 / 100 |
| Packing and entropy | 0 / 100 |
| Dynamic behaviour | 0 / 100 |
| CVE cross-reference | 40 / 100 |
Kernel-mode APIs resolved from the Import Address Table of AsIO32.sys, ranked by exploitation relevance.
| API | Risk | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| ZwMapViewOfSection | critical | Highly dangerous - potential for arbitrary code execution, memory corruption, or process termination |
| READ_PORT_UCHAR | high | Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass |
| WRITE_PORT_UCHAR | high | Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass |
| MmGetPhysicalAddress | high | Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass |
| READ_PORT_ULONG | high | Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass |
| WRITE_PORT_ULONG | high | Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass |
| MmAllocateContiguousMemory | high | Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass |
| ObReferenceObjectByHandle | medium | Moderate risk - system modification capability |
| RtlInitUnicodeString | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| IoCreateSymbolicLink | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| ZwClose | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| IofCompleteRequest | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| IoDeleteDevice | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| KeDelayExecutionThread | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| IoDeleteSymbolicLink | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| IoCreateDevice | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
Control codes reachable through the driver dispatch routine. Codes tied to published exploit code are flagged, since they are the primary Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD) entry points.
| Code | Severity | Transfer | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0x00804F75 | medium | METHOD_IN_DIRECT | FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #989 |
Section layout and Shannon entropy. High entropy in a code section is a packing or encryption indicator.
| Section | Virtual size | Raw size | Entropy | Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .text | 0x08AD | 0x0A00 | 5.74 | CODE, EXEC, READ |
| .rdata | 0x00E7 | 0x0200 | 2.37 | IDATA, READ |
| .data | 0x0010 | 0x0200 | 0.08 | IDATA, READ, WRITE |
| INIT | 0x0370 | 0x0400 | 4.86 | CODE, EXEC, READ, WRITE, DISCARD |
| .reloc | 0x00C6 | 0x0200 | 1.76 | IDATA, READ, DISCARD |
| Control Flow Guard | Not enabled |
|---|---|
| ASLR | Not enabled |
| DEP | Not enabled |
| Integrity check | Not enforced |
| Mitigation score | 5 / 100 |
| Rule | Severity | Detects |
|---|---|---|
| SUSP_PortIO | medium | Direct port I/O |
Techniques this driver could enable if loaded by an adversary.
| ID | Technique | Tactic |
|---|---|---|
| T1003.001 | OS Credential Dumping: LSASS Memory | Credential Access |
| T1014 | Rootkit | Defense Evasion |
| T1055.012 | Process Hollowing | Defense Evasion |
| T1068 | Exploitation for Privilege Escalation | Privilege Escalation |
| T1542.001 | Pre-OS Boot: System Firmware | Persistence |
| T1543.003 | Windows Service | Persistence |
| T1562.001 | Impair Defenses | Defense Evasion |
| T1569.002 | Service Execution | Execution |
| T1601 | Modify System Image | Defense Evasion |
| T1652 | Device Driver Discovery | Discovery |
| Signer | Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility Publisher |
|---|---|
| Signer organisation | Microsoft Corporation |
| Issuer | Microsoft Windows Third Party Component CA 2012 |
| Serial | 330000001DC31A761624754F8000000000001D |
| Valid from | 2014-12-19 19:27 UTC |
| Valid until | 2016-03-19 19:27 UTC (expired) |
| Signature validity | Not verified |
Engine angr, status completed, 4 paths explored at a maximum depth of 4. Vulnerability classes reached: 0. Exploitable paths: 3.
Corpus match: this hash is present in the known-vulnerable driver corpus DriverShield cross-references during analysis, which is why the score carries a full weighting on that component.
Based on DriverShield static and dynamic analysis, AsIO32.sys is flagged as vulnerable and is a potential Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD) risk. Its composite risk score is 72/100 (verdict: vulnerable). Always validate findings independently before acting.
AsIO32.sys has a DriverShield composite risk score of 72/100, placing it in the vulnerable verdict band. SHA256: 52a90fd1546c068b92add52c29fbb8a87d472a57e609146bbcb34862f9dcec15.
AsIO32.sys is a Windows kernel-mode driver (.sys) analyzed by DriverShield for vulnerabilities, BYOVD abuse potential, and malware indicators. It is code-signed by Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility Publisher.
Related: Other drivers signed by Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility Publisher · CVE-2023-1292 · What an IOCTL dispatch code is · How YARA matching feeds the score · BYOVD research index · full driver database · CVE library · code signing atlas