Analysis of kernel_embedded.sys: clean verdict, risk score 8/100. 0 YARA matches, 5/75 multi-engine detections. SHA256 666fcadd5471395d. Kernel imports, IOCTL codes, MITRE ATT&CK, and code-signing details.
DriverShield analyzed the Windows kernel driver kernel_embedded.sys and assigned a verdict of Clean with a composite risk score of 8/100, indicating no notable risk signals (0-29 band).
| Verdict | Clean (8/100) |
| YARA matches | 0 |
| Multi-engine detections | 5 / 75 |
| File size | 318720 bytes |
| Code-signing signer | Certum Trusted Network CA |
| Analyzed | 2026-10-26 |
| SHA256 | 666fcadd5471395db7142b4e0e215efc0904f0cb58a006a9d621d491a4d9b33e |
| SHA1 | e91fe225edbcdd4613b1260527ac2721f512cea7 |
| MD5 | a7b6537bcb965a9e9970944d4db249c2 |
Each component is scored 0-100 and then weighted into the composite. See the analysis methodology for the exact formula.
| Component | Sub-score |
|---|---|
| Multi-engine consensus | 0 / 100 |
| YARA signature matches | 0 / 100 |
| Dangerous kernel imports | 27 / 100 |
| IOCTL dispatch surface | 27 / 100 |
| Known-vulnerable corpus | 0 / 100 |
| Code-signing state | 0 / 100 |
| Packing and entropy | 0 / 100 |
| Dynamic behaviour | 0 / 100 |
| CVE cross-reference | 0 / 100 |
Kernel-mode APIs resolved from the Import Address Table of kernel_embedded.sys, ranked by exploitation relevance.
| API | Risk | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| PsLookupProcessByProcessId | high | Potentially dangerous - could be used for privilege escalation or security bypass |
| ProbeForRead | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| ProbeForWrite | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| ExAllocatePool2 | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
| RtlInitUnicodeString | low | Standard kernel API - generally benign |
Control codes reachable through the driver dispatch routine. Codes tied to published exploit code are flagged, since they are the primary Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD) entry points.
| Code | Severity | Transfer | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0x00340043 | high | METHOD_NEITHER | FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #16 |
| 0x002200F0 | medium | METHOD_BUFFERED | FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN Function #60 |
| 0x008001C1 | medium | METHOD_IN_DIRECT | FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #112 |
| 0x00340038 | medium | METHOD_BUFFERED | FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #14 |
| 0x00340039 | medium | METHOD_IN_DIRECT | FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #14 |
| 0x008002A2 | medium | METHOD_OUT_DIRECT | FILE_DEVICE_CUSTOM Function #168 |
| 0x00340041 | medium | METHOD_IN_DIRECT | FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #16 |
| 0x00340030 | medium | METHOD_BUFFERED | FILE_DEVICE_DISK Function #12 |
| 0x00229FE8 | medium | METHOD_BUFFERED | FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN Function #2042 |
Section layout and Shannon entropy. High entropy in a code section is a packing or encryption indicator.
| Section | Virtual size | Raw size | Entropy | Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .text | 0x1426 | 0x1600 | 5.9 | CODE, EXEC, READ |
| .rdata | 0x0658 | 0x0800 | 2.26 | IDATA, READ |
| .data | 0x0188 | 0x0200 | 3 | IDATA, READ, WRITE |
| .pdata | 0x0120 | 0x0200 | 2.42 | IDATA, READ |
| INIT | 0x0248 | 0x0400 | 3 | CODE, EXEC, READ, DISCARD |
| .reloc | 0x002C | 0x0200 | 0.64 | IDATA, READ, DISCARD |
| Control Flow Guard | Enabled |
|---|---|
| ASLR | Enabled |
| DEP | Enabled |
| Integrity check | Not enforced |
| Mitigation score | 100 / 100 |
Techniques this driver could enable if loaded by an adversary.
| ID | Technique | Tactic |
|---|---|---|
| T1055.001 | Process Injection: DLL Injection | Defense Evasion |
| T1071 | Application Layer Protocol | Command and Control |
| T1489 | Service Stop | Impact |
| T1543.003 | Windows Service | Persistence |
| T1562.001 | Impair Defenses: Disable/Modify Tools | Defense Evasion |
| T1652 | Device Driver Discovery | Discovery |
| Signer | Certum Trusted Network CA |
|---|---|
| Signer organisation | Unizeto Technologies S.A. |
| Issuer | Certum Trusted Network CA |
| Serial | 444C0 |
| Valid from | 2008-10-22 12:07 UTC |
| Valid until | 2029-12-31 12:07 UTC |
| Signature validity | Verified |
Engine angr, status completed, 100 paths explored at a maximum depth of 100. Vulnerability classes reached: 0. Exploitable paths: 0.
Based on DriverShield static and dynamic analysis, kernel_embedded.sys is assessed as clean, with no notable risk signals. Its composite risk score is 8/100 (verdict: clean). Always validate findings independently before acting.
kernel_embedded.sys has a DriverShield composite risk score of 8/100, placing it in the clean verdict band. SHA256: 666fcadd5471395db7142b4e0e215efc0904f0cb58a006a9d621d491a4d9b33e.
kernel_embedded.sys is a Windows kernel-mode driver (.sys) analyzed by DriverShield for vulnerabilities, BYOVD abuse potential, and malware indicators. It is code-signed by Certum Trusted Network CA.
Related: Other drivers signed by Certum Trusted Network CA · What an IOCTL dispatch code is · BYOVD research index · full driver database · CVE library · code signing atlas